Volcanoes National Park Rwanda, Gorilla Trekking Safaris Rwanda

Nestled in northwestern Rwanda, Volcanoes National Park is a breathtaking expanse of misty landscapes and vibrant biodiversity.

Renowned as one of East Africa’s most iconic destinations, this 160 km² (62 square miles) park is a sanctuary for nature enthusiasts and conservationists alike. Established in 1925, Volcanoes National Park holds the distinction of being one of Africa’s oldest national parks.

The park’s crown jewels are its volcanic mountains, part of the majestic Virunga Range. These include Mount Karisimbi, Mount Bisoke, Mount Muhabura, Mount Gahinga, and Mount Sabyinyo, each offering unparalleled beauty.

However, the park’s global fame stems from its role in safeguarding the endangered mountain gorillas that call this region home. These are worth seeing during Rwanda gorilla tours/Gorilla trekking safaris in Rwanda.

Volcanoes National Park offers one of the most thrilling wildlife experiences in the world—gorilla trekking. Visitors embark on guided hikes to observe habituated gorilla families in their natural surroundings. This once-in-a-lifetime adventure allows a rare glimpse into the lives of these gentle giants.

The park’s allure doesn’t end with mountain gorillas. Its lush greenery, magnificent mountain range ecosystems, and crater lakes are teeming with life, including golden monkeys, bushbucks, black-fronted duikers, spotted hyenas, buffaloes, and over 200 bird species.

Where Is Volcanoes National Park Located?

Parc National des Volcans, or Volcanoes National Park, lies in Rwanda’s far northwest (Northern Rwanda). Its 160 km² area encompasses diverse highland ecosystems, from lush bamboo jungles to wetlands and grasslands.

The park is easily accessible from Kigali International Airport, requiring just a 2–3 hour scenic drive. Musanze Town, the closest urban center, serves as a convenient gateway.

Volcanoes National Park Geography

Spanning 160 km² in northern Rwanda along the Virunga Mountains, the park rises from 2,400 m to 4,507 m (Mt. Karisimbi). Diverse ecosystems include:

Montane rainforests (lower slopes)
Bamboo jungles (mid-elevations)
Woodlands & alpine meadows (higher zones)
Afro-alpine heathlands (above 3,600 m)

Home to five dormant volcanoes, crater lakes, and rich volcanic soils, it supports mountain gorillas, golden simians, and 178 bird species—a premier montane sanctuary for biodiversity and adventure.

Climate and Weather in Volcanoes National Park, Rwanda

Volcanoes National Park enjoys a montane climate, characterized by cool and wet conditions throughout the year due to its high altitude. Daytime temperatures reach around 15°C, while nights cool to about 7°C. Despite being near the equator, the park experiences minimal temperature variation.

The rainy season (wet season) runs from March to May, while the drier months—June to early September—are ideal for outdoor Volcanoes Park activities.

Volcanoes National Park, Rwanda: A Historical Haven for Wildlife

Volcanoes National Park, Rwanda, established in 1925 as Africa’s oldest national park, was originally part of Albert National Park under Belgian Congo colonial authorities and extended into Rwanda in 1929.

Located in northern Rwanda within the Virunga Mountains, Volcanoes National Park became a standalone national park in 1961.

American primatologist Dian Fossey founded the Karisoke Research Centre in 1967 between Mount Karisimbi and Mt. Bisoke, advancing mountain gorilla conservation until her death in 1985.

The park endured closure during Rwanda’s civil war (1990s), reopening in 1999. Today, it forms part of the Greater Virunga Massif, spanning Rwanda, Uganda, and DR Congo.

Fascinating Facts About Rwanda’s Volcanoes National Park

Volcanoes National Park protects one of the largest concentrations of mountain gorillas in the Virunga Conservation Area
It was originally part of Albert National Park under Belgian colonial authorities
Home to 14 habituated gorilla families available for trekking
Encompasses five of the eight Virunga volcanoes
Houses over 200 bird species, including 17 Albertine Rift endemics
Located just a 2–3 hour drive from Kigali, Rwanda’s capital, making it ideal for short gorilla trekking trips
Offers unparalleled mountain gorilla trekking experiences for those with limited time.
The park is managed by the Rwanda Development Board in the Land of a Thousand Hills.

Top Attractions in Volcanoes National Park Rwanda, Seen on Rwanda Safari Tours

Mountain Gorillas

Mountain gorillas are the park’s most celebrated residents. These endangered primates, found only in the misty forests of Rwanda, Uganda, and the Democratic Republic of Congo, are the largest living primates on Earth.

In Uganda, they’re found in Bwindi Impenetrable National Park and Mgahinga National Park, while in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DR Congo), Central Africa, the mountain gorillas are only found in Virunga National Park.

Gorilla trekking in Volcanoes National Park offers an intimate encounter with these majestic creatures. Treks begin at 8 a.m. with a briefing at the Volcanoes National Park Headquarters and can last 2–8 hours, depending on the location of the gorilla group.

Gorilla trekking permits should be booked 3–6 months in advance to secure a spot for this extraordinary adventure.

Trek gorillas to witness gorilla families interact, from playful juveniles to nurturing mothers, which is an unforgettable experience.

Golden Monkeys

Second only to gorillas in popularity, golden monkeys (Cercopithecus mitis kandti) are a rare and striking primate species found exclusively in Volcanoes National Park and Uganda’s Mgahinga Gorilla National Park.

Golden monkey tracking begins in the morning, much like gorilla trekking. These vibrant creatures are often spotted in the park’s bamboo jungles, where they can be observed foraging, leaping, and socializing.

Virunga Volcanic Peaks

The park’s namesake volcanoes are stunning natural wonders, perfect for adventurous hikes. Five of the Virunga Mountains’ eight volcanoes are located here:

Mount Karisimbi: At 4,507 meters, this is the tallest volcano in the range, offering a challenging hike through bamboo jungles and moorlands.

Mt. Bisoke: Known for its breathtaking crater lake, this 3,711-meter peak provides awe-inspiring views of Lake Kivu and neighboring volcanoes.

Other peaks include Mount Muhabura, Mount Sabyinyo, and Mount Gahinga, each offering unique trekking experiences.

It is worth noting that, besides these Virunga Volcanoes in Rwanda, the Virunga Massif is home to other dormant and active volcanoes like Mount Nyiragongo, Nyamuragira, and Mikeno, which are also often seen during volcano hiking or gorilla treks in DR Congo.

Dian Fossey’s Tomb and Karisoke Research Center

The park is home to the tomb of Dian Fossey, the legendary primatologist who dedicated her life to mountain gorilla conservation. Visitors can hike to her Karisoke Research Center and pay tribute to the incredible legacy of American primatologist Dian Fossey.

Musanze Caves

Formed over 65 million years ago during volcanic eruptions, the Musanze Caves span over two kilometers and offer an intriguing exploration experience. During the 1994 Rwandan Genocide, these caves served as a refuge for many. Opened to visitors in 2013, the caves are a must-see, often combined with gorilla trekking.

Volcanoes National Park is a treasure trove of natural wonders, cultural history, and unparalleled wildlife encounters. Whether you seek the thrill of gorilla trekking, the serenity of golden monkey tracking, or the challenge of hiking volcanic peaks, this Rwandan gem promises an adventure of a lifetime.

Other Fascinating Attractions Around Volcanoes National Park Rwanda

Bird Species: Volcanoes National Park is rich in avifauna, with 178 bird species recorded, including at least 29 endemic to the Rwenzori mountains and the Virungas.
Ibyiwacu Cultural Center: Immerse yourself in Rwandan culture and traditions.
The Twin Lakes: Often visited after gorilla trekking, these serene lakes offer breathtaking views.
Buhanga Eco Park: An ancient sacred site worth exploring when on a Rwanda trip in Volcanoes National Park

All these attractions can be seen by tourists who trek gorillas in Volcanoes National Park!

Best Activities to Enjoy in Volcanoes National Park, Rwanda

If you’re wondering what adventures await in Volcanoes National Park, here’s your ultimate guide!

Gorilla Tracking in Volcanoes National Park

Gorilla trekking is the star attraction of Volcanoes National Park, offering an extraordinary opportunity to encounter majestic mountain gorillas in their natural habitat. These gentle giants reside on the misty, forested slopes of the Virunga Mountains, making the experience unforgettable.

Key Gorilla Trekking Highlights:

Observe gorilla families up close while respecting their space. Avoid flash photography to prevent stressing the gorillas when gorilla tracking.
Rwanda’s gorilla trekking experience is comparable to that in Uganda’s Mgahinga Park and Congo’s Virunga National Park.
Visitors must follow gorilla trekking rules and ranger guidelines for a safe and fulfilling adventure.

Gorilla Families in Volcanoes National Park

The park is home to 14 habituated gorilla families available for gorilla trekking:

Amahoro
Igisha
Suza
Karisimbi
Isimbi
Kigoma
Kwitonda
Noheli
Agashya
Kwisanga
Urwengo
Muhoza
Sabyinyo
Umubano

Important Trekking Tips:

Book permits early: Gorilla permits, limited to 8 per family daily, are essential and cost USD 1,500 for international visitors.
Health considerations: Visitors with flu symptoms are not allowed to trek.
Safety assured: Armed park rangers ensure a secure trekking experience.
Best Time: The best time for gorilla trekking in Volcanoes National Park is during the dry seasons from June to September and December to February.
Park Distance: Volcanoes National Park is located about 116 kilometers from Kigali and is a 2-3 hour drive away

Volcano Hiking (Mount Karisimbi and Mount Bisoke)

Volcanoes National Park is home to five volcanic peaks, with Mt. Bisoke and Mount Karisimbi being popular among hikers.

Mount Karisimbi: Hiking Mt. Karisimbi is popular due to its beautiful snow-capped top and breathtaking views. The hike to Mt. Karisimbi is considered challenging and takes about two days up Rwanda’s highest peak at 4,507 meters.
Mt. Bisoke: Bisoke’s hike is regarded as the most popular in the park, often completed within a day, leading to a picturesque crater lake at 3,711 meters.

The park features well-developed hiking trails that lead to both the summits of the volcanoes and other historical sites like Dian Fossey’s tomb.

No prior hiking experience is necessary, and the trails offer stunning views of the surrounding landscapes and other dormant volcanoes in the country.

However, hikers are advised to carry waterproof gear and proper hiking boots due to the unpredictable weather in Volcanoes National Park. Trail conditions can be more challenging during the wet season, requiring fitness and good preparation from trekkers.

Golden Monkey Trekking

Golden monkey trekking offers a delightful alternative to gorilla trekking. These vibrant, rare primates are exclusive to Volcanoes National Park and Uganda’s Mgahinga Gorilla National Park.

Duration: 4–5 hours, including a briefing and trek.
Trail highlights: Bamboo forests where golden monkeys are often spotted.
Wildlife encounters: Look out for bushbucks and black-fronted duikers.

Bird Watching (At Bisoke, Twin Lakes and Nearby Lake Kivu)

Volcanoes National Park is a birdwatcher’s paradise, boasting over 200 species, including 17 Albertine Rift endemics.

Rare finds: Grauer’s swamp warbler and scarlet-tufted sunbird are highlights.
Popular species: Rwenzori turaco, strange weaver, and red-faced woodland warbler.

Birding tours are available year-round, with the best sightings at the summit of Mt. Bisoke.

Kwita Izina – Gorilla Naming Ceremony

Launched in 2005, Kwita Izina is Rwanda’s annual gorilla naming ceremony, celebrating newborn mountain gorillas and promoting conservation efforts. Held in Volcanoes National Park, it engages local communities, boosts gorilla tourism, and raises global awareness for endangered mountain gorilla protection.

Batwa Cultural Experiences in Rwanda Volcanoes National Park

The indigenous Batwa people, original inhabitants of the Virunga volcanoes, offer authentic cultural experiences, including traditional dances, storytelling, hunting demonstrations, and forest walks.

These immersive activities highlight their cultural significance, historical connection to the land, and role in modern conservation initiatives in Volcanoes National Park.

Additional Activities Around Volcanoes National Park, Rwanda

Musanze Caves: Formed over 65 million years ago, these caves are a fascinating historical site.
Dian Fossey Tomb Tour: Visit the Karisoke Research Center and pay homage to the legendary primatologist.
Ibyiwacu Cultural Center: Experience authentic Rwandan traditions.

Rules and Regulations to Follow When Visiting Volcanoes National Park, Rwanda

Report to park headquarters by 7:30 AM for briefing; gorilla treks start at 8:00 AM.
Minimum age: 15 years for gorilla trekking.
Maintain a 7-meter distance from endangered mountain gorillas.
Gorilla families are habituated; only 8 trekkers per group (max 80 permits/day).
Wear sturdy hiking boots, long clothing, and waterproof gear for steep slopes, bamboo forests, and muddy trails.
1-hour limit with gorillas; no flash photography.
No eating, drinking, or smoking near gorillas.
Follow guide instructions; stay on trails during volcano hiking and nature walks.

Gorilla Permit Cost and Other Safari Prices to Incur When Visiting Volcanoes National Park

Gorilla permit: $1,500 per person (book via Rwanda Development Board or tour operators).
Golden monkey permit: ~$100.
Volcano hiking (e.g., Mt. Bisoke): ~$75–$100.
Accommodation:
- Luxury: Singita Kwitonda Lodge, Bisate Lodge, Sabyinyo Silverback Lodge (~$1,500–$3,000/night).
- Mid-range: Mountain Gorilla View Lodge, Volcanoes Boutique Hotel (~$200–$600/night).
Transport: Kigali to park (~2–3 hrs): $100–$150 private 4×4; public bus to Musanze + taxi (~$15).
Porter hire: $10–$20/day (recommended).
Park entry (non-trekking): ~$30–$50.

Book gorilla permits 6–12 months in advance because it might be difficult to get them during dry seasons (June–Sept, Dec–Feb).

Best Time to Visit Volcanoes National Park, Rwanda

The park is open year-round, but the dry seasons (June to September and December to February) are the best times to visit Volcanoes National Park in Rwanda, ideal for trekking, as trails are less muddy.

Wet Season/Rainy season perks: Fewer crowds, discounted lodge rates, and discounted safaris.
Dry season highlights: Easier trekking and pleasant weather.

Accommodation Options in Volcanoes National Park (e.g., Bisate Lodge)

Whether you’re seeking luxury or budget-friendly stays, Volcanoes National Park has you covered. The various mid-range and luxury lodges situated near the park headquarters at Kinigi include.

Five Volcanoes Boutique Hotel
Bisate Lodge (a favorite for gorilla trekkers)
Sabyinyo Silverback Lodge
Singita Kwitonda Lodge
Gorilla View Mountain Lodge
Kinigi Guest House

Travelers are advised to book accommodations and permits several months in advance due to high demand during peak seasons.

Packing Essentials for Gorilla Trekking and Volcanoes National Park Safaris

Prepare well for a rewarding adventure in Volcanoes National Park by carrying some of the safari and gorilla trekking gear below.

Sturdy waterproof boots
Long pants and long-sleeved shirts
Rain jacket for the wet season showers
Sunscreen and insect repellent
Camera (without flash)
Small backpack for essentials
Walking stick

As a way of respecting local culture, carry and wear modest clothing during a Rwanda safari to Volcanoes National Park!

Threats Faced by Volcanoes National Park in Rwanda

Poaching and human-wildlife conflict near park boundaries.
Habitat loss from agriculture and population pressure.
Climate change affecting montane ecosystems and bamboo forests.
Illegal activities (charcoal, timber).
Past disruptions from Rwanda’s civil war and regional instability.

Ongoing Conservation Initiatives in Volcanoes National Park

Revenue-sharing: 10% of gorilla permit fees funds local communities.
The Karisoke Research Center (Dian Fossey Gorilla Fund) monitors gorilla families and health.
Anti-poaching patrols and community education help protect the Rwanda gorilla population.
Reforestation and habitat restoration.
Kwita Izina, the annual baby naming ceremony, raises awareness and funds.
Population growth: endangered mountain gorilla numbers now exceed 1,000 across the Virunga Massif, thanks to Rwanda’s strict gorilla tourism model and international partnerships.

Other Safari Parks in Rwanda to Combine with Tours to Volcanoes National Park

Akagera National Park

Eastern Rwanda’s savanna park is home to the Big Five, including lions reintroduced in 2015. The park provides activities such as game drives, boat safaris on Lake Ihema, and birding.

Nyungwe National Park

Located in the southwestern part of Rwanda, Nyungwe NP is one of Africa’s oldest rainforest parks. Nyungwe NP is renowned for its chimpanzee tracking, canopy walkways, 13 primate species, and over 300 bird species.

Gishwati Mukura National Park

The newest national park in Rwanda, Gishwati Mukura NP, combines two forest reserves. The park primarily concentrates on chimpanzee tracking, golden monkey tracking, reforestation, and community-based conservation efforts.

Volcanoes National Park Rwanda Map

Frequently Asked Questions About Volcanoes National Park in Rwanda

What Makes Volcanoes National Park Special?

Volcanoes National Park is celebrated for its endangered mountain gorillas, golden simians, unique butterfly species, and the Virunga Mountain scenery.

How Do I Get There?

Volcanoes National Park lies 104 km northwest of Kigali International Airport—a scenic 2–3 hour drive. Tourists can get there by using.

Private Transfer: Most convenient (recommended).
Public Transport: Buses to Musanze town, then taxi to park headquarters (~30 min). Plan 2–3 nights near the park for a relaxed gorilla trekking experience.

Can I Plan My Own Tour?

While self-planning is possible, most travelers prefer using tour operators for convenience and expertise.

How Much Time Should I Spend?

From a one-day visit to a week-long adventure, the choice depends on your activities in Volcanoes National Park, Rwanda.

Is It Worth Visiting?

Absolutely! From gorilla trekking to cultural experiences and stunning landscapes, Volcanoes National Park offers an unmatched adventure.

Conclusion

Volcanoes National Park in Rwanda cradles rare mountain gorillas, golden simians, and lush volcanic landscapes teeming with biodiversity. Experience thrilling gorilla treks, crater hikes, and eco-preservation efforts. Secure your transformative safari adventure—contact our friendly safari experts today to safeguard this pristine wilderness!